Phenibut
Phenibut, also known as “4-Amino-3-Phenylbutyric Acid,” is sold under the brand names Anvifen, Fenibut, and Noofen. It is a central nervous system depressant with anxiolytic effects.
Synthesized in the 1960s in Russia, it is licensed for anxiety, depression, attention deficit disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and other health issues. Phenibut is a non-prescription pharmaceutical that is actually a GABA molecule with the addition of a phenyl group.
Russian researchers discovered that by changing GABA into 4-Amino-3-Phenylbutyric Acid, it could cross more easily into the nervous system and across the blood-brain barrier. It has anxiolytic and nootropic (cognition enhancing) effects. It acts as a GABA-mimetic, primarily at GABA(B) and, to some extent, at GABA(A) receptors.
As a GABA (an inhibitory neurotransmitter) derivative, Phenibut increases GABA levels. It has also been proven that Phenibut raises the level of dopamine in the brain, which may result in improved mood and increased libido. Study results indicate that Phenibut significantly improves the functioning of the brain, leading to the normalization of brain tissue metabolism and modulating the blood flow in the central nervous system.
Piracetam
Piracetam is a nootropic compound in the Racetam family, displaying cognitive-enhancing properties. It acts on your brain and nervous system.
It is thought to protect the cerebral cortex (responsible for thoughts, actions, movement, reasoning, perception, and recognition) against a lack of oxygen.
Piracetam improves the neurotransmitter acetylcholine function via muscarinic cholinergic (ACh) receptors, which are implicated in memory processes. Furthermore, piracetam may affect NMDA glutamate receptors, which are involved with learning and memory processes.
Piperine
Piperine, a pepper alkaloid, has historically been used as a medicine to treat and relieve pain, chills, rheumatism, flu, muscle aches, chills and fever, migraine headaches, angina, poor digestion, and even coma. It has also been used to improve blood circulation, saliva, and stimulate the appetite.
Recent research revealed that piperine has chemopreventive and antioxidant effects. It also possesses immunomodulating, anti-carcinogenic, stimulating, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects.
5-HTP
5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) is a compound produced in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. It is a precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin and the hormone melatonin.
After tryptophan is converted to 5-HTP, it is then changed into serotonin, a neurotransmitter that transmits signals between brain cells. 5-HTP dietary supplements help raise the levels of serotonin in the brain.
Since serotonin helps regulate mood and behavior, 5-HTP may positively affect sleep, mood, anxiety, appetite, and pain sensation.
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